(See the glossary for more information on the evil eye.) In five countries (Tanzania, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Senegal and Mali) majorities express this belief. In addition to expressing high levels of belief in the protective power of sacrificial offerings and sacred objects, upwards of one-in-five people in every country say they believe in the evil eye, or the ability of certain people to cast malevolent curses or spells. (See the glossary for more information on juju.) Belief in the power of such objects is highest in Senegal (75%) and lowest in Rwanda (5%). ![]() In addition, roughly a quarter or more of the population in 11 countries say they believe in the protective power of juju (charms or amulets), shrines and other sacred objects. ![]() ![]() In four countries, for instance, half or more of the population believes that sacrifices to ancestors or spirits can protect them from harm. Side by side with their high levels of commitment to Christianity and Islam, many people in the countries surveyed retain beliefs and rituals that are characteristic of traditional African religions.
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